The discovery of DNA Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The discovery of desoxyribonucleic acid - strain ExampleThe two strands of the helix run in opposite directions (1 up and 1 down). The inside(a) edges of the helices are formed by the nitrogenous bases and they run in pairs. Adenine pairs with thymine with 2 heat content bonds and cytosine pairs with guanine with 3 hydrogen bonds (Murray et al, 2007). Though this post dictate side-to-side pairing, there is no clue about the order along the molecule. According to Watson and Crick, the variety in genetical code can be due to the variability along the molecule. DNA replicates itself through semi-conservative replication. The DNA molecule first unzips and fresh matching bases are added to create new molecules of DNA. Thus each new molecule of DNA has 1 old strand and one new strand (Murray et al, 2007).The discovery history of DNA can be dated back to 1870s and 1890s when mitosis and meiosis were discovered. In 1928, Frederick Griffiths experiment on pneumonia bacteria and mice hin ted that DNA was the genetic code material. In 1952, Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase performed an experiment on viruses and hinted that viral genetic code material was DNA and not protein capsid. In the early 1950s, Rosalind Franklin attempted to figure out the structure of DNA using peppy back of X-rays but failed. However, she had some photographs of DNA crystallography and from these photographs, James Watson and Francis Crick determined that the structure of DNA was forked helix. The duo received Nobel prize for this in 1962 (Biology education, 1996).DNA is present in the chromosomes of most of the living beings. The human being genome approximately has 3 billion base pairs of DNA which are arranged in the 23 pairs of chromosomes. chronological sequence pieces of DNA form genes which carry vital information. The genetic information is achieved by complementary base pairing. Transmission, agreement and translation are the steps involved in transmission of